Masana kimiyyar Jamus suna haɓaka bangarorin hasken rana don saman motar

Don haɓaka nisan miloli na motocin lantarki ko motocin lantarki, da yawa masana'antun sun fara shigar da bangarorin hasken rana a cikin rufin, hular kwano da sauran wurare, amma kayan aikin hasken rana galibi suna da zurfi ko shuɗi mai haske, tare da launuka masu launuka iri-iri koyaushe kadan daga dunkulalliya a fuska, kuma masana kimiyyar na Jamus sun haɓaka bangarorin hasken rana kamar "launin fata" kamar ninjas.

Kwanan nan, motocin sanye da fitilar hasken rana sun tashi, kamar Lightyear Dutch, wanda ya ƙaddamar da hood, motar lantarki tare da rufi zuwa ƙarshen murfin murabba'in 5 da kuma canjin 20% na hasken rana. Ana tsammanin a cikin shekarar 2021, an samar da SonataHybrid, wanda ke sanye da bangarorin hasken rana a cikin motar Toyota, a cikin Koriya ta Kudu.

Koyaya, bangarorin hasken rana da kamfanonin da ke sama basu iya yin daidai da launi jikin motar, galibi duhu bangarorinn hasken rana. Ga waɗanda suka fi mai da hankali ga ɗakunan motsa jiki na gaba ɗaya, ana iya cire shingen hasken rana. A saboda wannan, Jamusawa sun yi amfani da cibiyar bincike ta kimiyya FraunhoferISE suka samar da sabbin bangarorin hasken rana da aka hada da alamu na musamman suna ba da damar bangarorin hasken rana su canza launi tare da zanen launi daban-daban.

An kira launi na musamman shine MorphoColor, wanda aka wallafa shi da malam buɗe ido na Morpho. Wadancan 'yan rubutattun bishiyoyin da ke bayyana a cikin tsaftar girgije kuma suna haskakawa da shuɗi mai haske mai haske. A zahiri, sikeli a fuka-fukan baya da takamaiman "launi". Sikeli na musamman ne. An shirya hanyar don haifar da launi ta hanyar rarrabu da watsa ruwa, don haka launi zai canza a kusurwoyi mabambanta. Alamar da za a yi da kariyar da za a yi da kumfa a bangon bango iri daya ne.

Sabili da haka, tare da taimakon kwalliya na musamman, bangarorin hasken rana kusan ba za iya gani ba kuma suna iya dacewa da jikin launuka daban-daban. Kodayake alade zai rage ƙarfin aiki da kusan 7%, zai taimaka wajen haɓaka sayayya akan rufin rana. Weungiyar ta auna duka biyu kuma suna ganin sun cancanta, in ji Martin Heinrich, shugaban sashen samar da makamashi na hasken rana a FraunhoferISE, yiwuwar launin launi ya kusan ƙarewa.

Sabuwar rukunin hasken rana yana ɗaukar hanyar haɗin silicon guda ɗaya (shingleinterconnection), kuma ƙwayoyin siliki na monocrystalline sunadarai tare da juna kuma an daidaita su ta hanyar matsewar lantarki. Ana iya amfani da waɗannan adres ɗin azaman masu ɗaukar wutan lantarki, kuma babu buƙatar shigar da wayoyi, wanda zai iya rage tasirin mahaɗar ta hanyar yadda yakamata, da kuma guje wa inuwa a kan masu haɗin lantarki, na iya ƙaruwa yadda ya dace ta hanyar 2%.

Dangane da gwaje-gwajen kungiya, sabbin bangarorin hasken rana na samar da kusan 210W a kowace murabba'in murabba'i, wanda zai iya rage yawan mai da kashi 10%, kuma ya ninka nisan mil 10%. Alsoungiyar ta yi aiki tare da kamfanonin sufuri kuma a zahiri an gwada su a kan hanya, suna girke a manyan manyan motoci 6. Ana kuma auna sabbin bangarorin hasken rana ta amfani da radiyo, firikwensin zafin jiki da GPS. Gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa ana iya samar da 5,000,000 zuwa 7,000 na KWh na wutar lantarki a kowace shekara.

Dukda cewa komai karfin bangarorin hasken rana, amma har yanzu suna da aikin taimako. Motocin har yanzu ba za su iya fitar da sabon makamashi 100% ba, kuma ba za su iya kwatanta su da motocin mai na gargajiya ba, amma waɗannan hanyoyi ne masu kyau don rage carbon.